Three Types of Rail Track & Their Rail Fastening Systems

In the world there are mainly three types of rail tracks, normal rail track, high speed rail track and subway track. In order to meeting the requirements of locomotive and transportation on the tracks, people designed various types of rail fastening systems relevantly.

Normal railway fastening system

The designation of track for normal railway aims at slow and middle speed train for passengers or freights. The maximum speed of train is below 160km/h generally.

Throughout developing history of railway, normal railway has experienced the stages of wooden sleeper and concrete sleeper, its railway fastening systems changed relevantly globally. At early period, spike fastening system was applied on the track with wooden sleeper. Afterwards, with the use of concrete sleeper, clamp fastening system was designed and used early. With the speed increases gradually, great improvements have been made for designing new fastening system to meet higher requirements of tracks. E-clip fastening system and W-clip fastening system are widely used in the world. Take E1609, E1809, E1813, SKL1, SKL3, etc. for examples, similar clip fastening systems are widely used for normal railway tracks. In addition, KPO fastening systems are famous for good function and high performance.

High speed rail fastening system

The designation of track for high speed railway aims at very high speed train for only passenger. The speed of train is no less than 250km/h, the fastest speed of train reaches 486km/h at present in China. With the pursuit of more comfortable and effective transportation tools, high speed trains are more and more welcomed by most passengers. Because of the high speed, safety, reliability and durability of the train need to be paid more attention by researchers and designers.

Nowadays there are three relatively successful types of high speed railways which are Europe high speed rail system, Japan high speed rail system and China high speed rail system.

Germany and France are the representatives of Europe high speed rail systems. In Germany special W-clip fastening systems are adopted such as SKL 300 and SKL 336 fastening systems, and the main fasteners are SKL12 or SKL14. 

Recently China has made a great breakthrough on high speed technologies. On the tracks of high speed lines of Type VI, Type V fastening systems, WJ7 and WJ8 fastening systems are widely used. They are designed by China on the basis other high speed fastening systems.

Subway rail fastening system

Subway, also named metro, the designation of its track aims at urban transportation for only passenger. The speed of subway is more than 100km/h, the fastest speed of train reaches at 160km/h at present in China. In addition, subway rail fastening system must meet other function for better city environment such as shock absorption & noise reduction.

In 1978, a kind of subway rail fastening system, named Cologne egg, was developed and used on Cologne subway in Germany. It was with excellent performance of shock absorption & noise reduction. Later on it was applied on many city lines such as Washington in US.

There are many types of subway rail fastening systems designed and produced by China and they are called DT series.

Crane rail and crane rail fastening system

The crane rail fastening system is composed of crane rail, crane rail clips, crane sole plates and other crane rail fasteners. This kind of crane rail and crane fastening system are mainly used for the crane track. The crane is used to hoist and transport cargo containers. It usually has a large load, so the performance requirements of the crane rails and crane rail fasteners are higher.

Crane rail

Compared with ordinary rails, the crane rail is wider and have a larger force area. The choice of crane rail type should be determined in strict accordance with the size of crane wheel.

Crane sole plates

When the load of the crane reaches a certain tonnage, the underside of the crane rail needs to bear continuous great pressure. At this time, it need a continuous type crane sole plate under the crane rail. The continuous type crane sole plate is different from the ordinary iron plate. It is the same length as the crane rail, continuous floor laid under the crane rail, to play a supporting role.

Crane rail pad

Similar to the principle of continuous type crane sole plate. When encountering cranes with excessive load, the rubber pad also needs to use a continuous type crane rail pad to support the track.

We are specialized in the production of rail fasteners. We can provide ordinary rail, high speed rail, metro rail, crane rail and their rail fastening systems. Welcome to send inquiry with us.